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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ์ €๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์›๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ต์…˜์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ตœ์‹  ๋ฒ„์ „์œผ๋กœ ์—…๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome ๋˜๋Š” Safari 14 ์ด์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.

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Promoting open science through the University of Montana library repository

2019๋…„ 9์›” 24์ผ

์ €์ž: Lisa J. Sherman

The University of Montana library shares how it has aligned its repository with the institutionโ€™s larger mission

Fighting the good fight for open access

Wendy Walker, Associate Professor and Digital Initiatives Librarian at the University of Montana (UM), is very clear on her position in the scholarly communication community. โ€œIโ€™m an open access advocate,โ€ she says, โ€œand open science is a natural part of that.โ€ Walker has aligned the University of Montana repository,ย ScholarWorksย ์ƒˆ ํƒญ/์ฐฝ์—์„œ ์—ด๊ธฐ, with the institutionโ€™s larger mission and offers solutions to many of the universityโ€™s needs around publishing science openly.ย ย Her commitment to open science has led to publishing data sets, oral histories, dissertations, grant-related research, and even a special collection from the Department of Geosciences that propelled a 40-year-old set of seismic data from dusty file cabinets to open digital files.

โ€œOpen access (OA) is an ongoing challenge, and at times itโ€™s difficult. There exists a long road of OA advocacy. Professionally, it has pushed me to learn and to question,โ€ Walker says. Her background was in digital collections, and she learned about institutional repositories (IRs) on the job. In the process, she recounts, she learned to wrangle OA mechanics, publishers, and faculty concerns. โ€œItโ€™s easy to say โ€˜everything OA is good,โ€™ but it is a great challenge in this job to follow through on that. It can be a struggle, but I really enjoy that it constantly makes me challenge my assumptions about OA. When itโ€™s hard to keep my spirits up, I go back to the value of OA and know the fight is worth it!โ€

Stories from grateful users of ScholarWorks help fuel her drive. She has received comments from a pastor who was doing research for his Sunday service, an amateur archeology enthusiast, students and others. Walker says this feedback makes her aware of people around the world reading something they never wouldโ€™ve found if it hadnโ€™t been freely available in ScholarWorks. She emphasizes that this is vetted scholarship, curated by the library, which provides different value than material found in an unknown context on the internet.

Partnering with faculty to make data sets open

As research grants have started requiring that any resulting data be openly available, Walker has seen the University of Montana place a higher value on open science. In her role as Digital Initiatives Librarian, she can offer ScholarWorks as a solution to this compliance issue. Recently she has worked with many faculty members to publish their data, including several UM professors who linked their article to a data set from theย Montana Climate Officeย ์ƒˆ ํƒญ/์ฐฝ์—์„œ ์—ด๊ธฐ.

โ€œIโ€™m pleased to see the recognition of data sets as part of the academic record. I see providing access to these as key to reproducibility and transparency in an effort to promote verifiable, reproducible scientific research,โ€ Walker says. โ€œEvery time someone contacts me with one of these requests, Iโ€™m thrilled. The faculty advisor for a recently graduated student contacted me to ask if I could link her former studentโ€™s newest data set to his dissertation, already published in ScholarWorks. She was very happy with my โ€˜yes!โ€™ answer.โ€ The more than 11,000 electronic theses and dissertations in the repository are among its most downloaded content. Since the repositoryโ€™s launch in September 2013, there have been more than 1,630,000 downloads.

Special collections of open science research

One of the first large collections that Walker and her team published in ScholarWorks was theย Flathead Lake Seismic Surveyย ์ƒˆ ํƒญ/์ฐฝ์—์„œ ์—ด๊ธฐ, a decades-old data set with images, audio, text, and seismic files. In โ€œConsiderations and Challenges for Describing Historical Research Data: A Case Studyย ์ƒˆ ํƒญ/์ฐฝ์—์„œ ์—ด๊ธฐ,โ€ she and co-author Teressa M. Keenan describe how โ€œcreating metadata for data sets can be challenging, but it is crucial for discovery, access, re-use, reproducibility, and preservation.โ€ They offer words of encouragement: โ€œMaking historical data sets available to current researchers, with quality metadata, is worthwhile. Even with imperfect metadata, as of early November 2017 the seismic survey data files had been downloaded collectively nearly 3,300 times.โ€ (By fall 2019, that number had increased to 4,695.) This collection provides a unique opportunity for current and future researchers because so many new methods of processing the data have been developed in the intervening yearsโ€”yet another critical benefit of publishing science openly. The team was even contacted by an Italian researcher who wanted to use the .wav files of seismic data and play them as โ€œmusicโ€โ€”an example of open science truly promoting innovation.

Walker credits geoscientist Bob Lankston with helping to organize a challenging variety of file types, including bathymetry (measurements of water depth), survey maps, seismic sections, and salvaged audio recordings. They decided on a creative use of the โ€œbook galleryโ€ publishing format in their repository, ScholarWorks. They linked varied files to each data set, which is posted as a separate โ€œbookโ€ and contains a unique record. Walker also used the repositoryโ€™s flexible structure to publish other scientific materials with widely divergent needs, yet still provide the most searchable, well organized data. For example, an โ€œevent galleryโ€ structure showcases theย Clark Fork Symposium Archivesย ์ƒˆ ํƒญ/์ฐฝ์—์„œ ์—ด๊ธฐ, whileย Lithics in the Westย ์ƒˆ ํƒญ/์ฐฝ์—์„œ ์—ด๊ธฐย is an often-downloaded OA monograph published in partnership with the University Press.

Walker has also been pleased to partner with Hannah Soukup, Archives Specialist, on an extensive collection of more than 2,000 oral history interviews detailing various aspects of Montana history, from forestry to feminism.ย ย She notes that it can be tricky to make archival content open, as it is no mean feat to get the necessary permissions for decades-old materials. It often involves convincing the owners of these documents of the value of open access publishing, something that Soukup excels at doing. Wendy also admires Soukupโ€™s dedication to making this material as open as possible, including offering text transcriptions of the audio files, which makes them accessible to readers with different needs. As Walker says, โ€œWe saw the value of publishing archival material from the get-go. We had a digitization program in place, but were looking for a more robust search function. We are both committed to meeting accessibility standards and know it is an iterative process, as it takes a great deal of time.โ€

๊ธฐ์—ฌ์ž

LJS

Lisa J. Sherman

Communications Specialist, Writer and Editor bepress | Elsevier, Berkeley, CA, United States