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Elsevier
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Angle of Ninth Rib
Skeletal System

Angle of Ninth Rib

Angulus costae nonae

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Description

The angle (costal angle) is an area of the body of ninth rib where its curvature changes sharply. It is located lateral to the tubercle and is marked by a prominent linear ridge on the ribs external surface, which itself provides attachment sites for muscles of the back. Overall, the first to eleventh ribs have an angle, while the twelfth ribs lack this bony feature. Furthermore, although the first rib has an angle, it occurs at the same site as its tubercle and is therefore indistinguishable. The distance between the angle and tubercle progressively increases from the second to tenth ribs.

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