Which foods are known for to have high potassium content?

1.

Elsevier ClinicalKey Clinical Overview

Screening and Prevention For patients at risk for hyperkalemia: Avoid or discontinue drugs that cause increases in serum potassium level If drugs such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors are needed for optimal medical management of other conditions, monitor potassium level carefully and consider long-term use of resin binder For patients with chronic kidney disease, avoid foods high in potassium, including: Bananas Oranges Honeydew melon Raisins Dried apricots Nuts

2.

Saint-Cyr, Martine, Waldrop, Stephanie W., Krebs, Nancy F. (2025). In Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics (pp. 388). DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-88305-4.00060-2

Potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) are the main intracellular and extracellular cations, respectively, and are involved in transport of fluids and nutrients across the cellular membrane. The AI for potassium is related to its effects in maintaining a healthy blood pressure, reducing risk for nephrolithiasis, and supporting bone health. Moderate potassium deficiency occurs even in the absence of hypokalemia and can result in increased blood pressure, stroke, and other CV disease. For people at increased risk of hypertension and who are salt sensitive, reducing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake is advised. Leafy green vegetables, vine fruits (e.g., tomatoes, eggplant, zucchini, pumpkin), and root vegetables (e.g., yams, beets) are good sources of potassium (seeTable 60.6). People with impaired renal function may need to reduce potassium intake, because hyperkalemia can increase the risk for fatal cardiac arrhythmias among these patients. Most dietary sodium (i.e., sodium chloride, or table salt) in the United States is found in processed foods, breads, and condiments (Fig. 60.5). Sodium salt (NaCl) is added to foods to serve as a preservative and enhance palatability. Sodium has an AI, but given the risk of table salt–related hypertension, an UL has also been set. The UL threshold may be even lower in certain populations, who on average may be more sodium salt sensitive, and for those with hypertension or preexisting renal disease. Dietary sodium intake also displaces potassium intake. Elevated sodium:potassium ratios can increase the risk for nephrolithiasis. Intakes of <2,300 mg sodium (approximately 1 tsp of table salt) per day are recommended. The average daily salt intake for most people in the United States and Canada exceeds both the AI and UL.For populations with or at risk of hypertension and renal disease, sodium intake should be decreased to <1,500 mg/day and potassium intake increased to >4,700 mg/day.For persons with hypertension, additional dietary guidelines are available from theDietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan.

3.

Elsevier ClinicalKey Clinical Overview

Screening and Prevention Ensure adequate dietary intake of potassium Potassium-rich foods (eg, dried figs, nuts, avocados) are the most direct way to enhance potassium intake Dietary sources of potassium are not effective in correcting hypokalemia associated with chloride depletion (eg, diuretic therapy, vomiting, nasogastric drainage), as dietary potassium is coupled with phosphate rather than chloride WHO daily intake recommendations Adults: at least 3.5 mg/d (90 mmol/d), to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and coronary heart disease Children: at least 3.5 mg/d (90 mmol/d), adjusted downward in proportion to the energy requirements of children relative to those of adults Reduce sodium salt intake A high-sodium diet can result in excessive urinary potassium loss Provide potassium supplementation when prescribing drugs that cause hypokalemia Minimize the dosage of non–potassium-sparing diuretics

4.

Food and Drug Administration (DailyMed).

Publish date: February 4, 2024.

Overdosage 10 OVERDOSAGE Treatment of Overdosage: The administration of potassium salts to persons without predisposing conditions for hyperkalemia rarely causes serious hyperkalemia at recommended dosages. It is important to recognize that hyperkalemia is usually asymptomatic and may be manifested only by an increased serum potassium concentration and characteristic electrocardiographic changes (peaking of T-wave, loss of P-wave, depression of S-T segment and prolongation of the QT interval). Late manifestations include muscle paralysis and cardiovascular collapse from cardiac arrest. Treatment measures for hyperkalemia include the following: Patients should be closely monitored for arrhythmias and electrolyte changes. Elimination of medications containing potassium and of agents with potassium-sparing properties such as potassium-sparing diuretics, ARBs, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, certain nutritional supplements and many others. Elimination of foods containing high levels of potassium such as almonds, apricots, bananas, beans (lima, pinto, white), cantaloupe, carrot juice (canned), figs, grapefruit juice, halibut, milk, oat bran, potato (with skin), salmon, spinach, tuna and many others. Intravenous calcium gluconate if the patient is at no risk or low risk of developing digitalis toxicity. Intravenous administration of 300-500 mL/hr of 10% dextrose solution containing 10-20 units of crystalline insulin per 1,000 mL. Correction of acidosis, if present, with intravenous sodium bicarbonate. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Exchange resins may be used. However, this measure alone is not sufficient for the acute treatment of hyperkalemia. Lowering potassium levels too rapidly in patients taking digitalis can produce digitalis toxicity.

5.

Food and Drug Administration (DailyMed).

Publish date: August 4, 2022.

Overdosage 10 OVERDOSAGE Treatment of Overdosage: The administration of potassium salts to persons without predisposing conditions for hyperkalemia rarely causes serious hyperkalemia at recommended dosages. It is important to recognize that hyperkalemia is usually asymptomatic and may be manifested only by an increased serum potassium concentration and characteristic electrocardiographic changes (peaking of T-wave, loss of P-wave, depression of S-T segment and prolongation of the QT interval). Late manifestations include muscle paralysis and cardiovascular collapse from cardiac arrest. Treatment measures for hyperkalemia include the following: 1. Patients should be closely monitored for arrhythmias and electrolyte changes. 2. Elimination of medications containing potassium and of agents with potassium-sparing properties such as potassium-sparing diuretics, ARBs, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, certain nutritional supplements and many others. 3. Elimination of foods containing high levels of potassium such as almonds, apricots, bananas, beans (lima, pinto, white), cantaloupe, carrot juice (canned), figs, grapefruit juice, halibut, milk, oat bran, potato (with skin), salmon, spinach, tuna and many others. 4. Intravenous calcium gluconate if the patient is at no risk or low risk of developing digitalis toxicity. 5. Intravenous administration of 300 to 500 mL/hr of 10% dextrose solution containing 10 to 20 units of crystalline insulin per 1,000 mL. 6. Correction of acidosis, if present, with intravenous sodium bicarbonate. 7. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. 8. Exchange resins may be used. However, this measure alone is not sufficient for the acute treatment of hyperkalemia. Lowering potassium levels too rapidly in patients taking digitalis can produce digitalis toxicity.

6.

Food and Drug Administration (DailyMed).

Publish date: May 2, 2024.

Overdosage 10 OVERDOSAGE Treatment of Overdosage: The administration of potassium salts to persons without predisposing conditions for hyperkalemia rarely causes serious hyperkalemia at recommended dosages. It is important to recognize that hyperkalemia is usually asymptomatic and may be manifested only by an increased serum potassium concentration and characteristic electrocardiographic changes (peaking of T-wave, loss of P-wave, depression of S-T segment and prolongation of the QT interval). Late manifestations include muscle paralysis and cardiovascular collapse from cardiac arrest. Treatment measures for hyperkalemia include the following: 1. Patients should be closely monitored for arrhythmias and electrolyte changes. 2. Elimination of medications containing potassium and of agents with potassium-sparing properties such as potassium-sparing diuretics, ARBs, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, certain nutritional supplements and many others. 3. Elimination of foods containing high levels of potassium such as almonds, apricots, bananas, beans (lima, pinto, white), cantaloupe, carrot juice (canned), figs, grapefruit juice, halibut, milk, oat bran, potato (with skin), salmon, spinach, tuna and many others. 4. Intravenous calcium gluconate if the patient is at no risk or low risk of developing digitalis toxicity. 5. Intravenous administration of 300-500 mL/hr of 10% dextrose solution containing 10-20 units of crystalline insulin per 1,000 mL. 6. Correction of acidosis, if present, with intravenous sodium bicarbonate. 7. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. 8. Exchange resins may be used. However, this measure alone is not sufficient for the acute treatment of hyperkalemia. Lowering potassium levels too rapidly in patients taking digitalis can produce digitalis toxicity.