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Deep Earth
Early Earth and extraterrestrial bodies
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Conference sessions
Theme 1: Early Earth and extraterrestrial bodies
Session 1.1: Early Earth: the formation of habitability
Conveners:
Yun Liu (Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, China) Huiming Bao (Nanjing University, China)
The session aims to bring together contributions on early Earth systems prior to 3.5 Ga, a critical time shaping the initial condition for the evolution of a habitable planet. Topics of interest include comparative planetology, Moon-forming giant impact and their consequence, early interaction of Earth-Moon system, thermal state and mechanisms of cooling of early Earth’s interior, solidification of the magma ocean, formation and composition of proto-atmosphere and the proto-ocean, formation of the proto-crust, formation of metallic core, late accretion or late veneer, pre-plate tectonics, prebiotic chemistry, and the origin of life.
Session 1.2: Origin and evolution of volatiles in terrestrial planets
Conveners:
Yuan Li (Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS) Yan Yang (Zhejiang University) Qingyang Hu (Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research) Genming Luo (China University of Geosciences, Wuhan)
Volatiles (H, C, N, S, O, noble gases and the halogens) play important roles in planetary dynamics, climate, and habitability. To better understand the roles of volatiles in shaping the terrestrial planets, it is necessary to assess their origins in the early time, and their abundances, species and isotopic compositions in planetary different reservoirs. This session aims to bring together expertise from different fields of planetary sciences studying volatiles to foster interdisciplinary discussions. We invite discussions on species and elemental and isotopic behavior of volatiles during planetary accretion and core-mantle segregation, magma ocean degassing, formation and evolution of planetary atmosphere, and long-term cycling of volatiles associated with plate tectonics and volcanism.
Session 1.3: Origins and Evolution of Early Life: Exploring the Frontiers of Interdisciplinary Research
Conveners:
Jinhua Li Bing Shen (Peking University, China) Zongjun Yin Jihua Hao Yinzhao Wang
The special topic, "Origins and Evolution of Early Life," aims to bring together distinguished scientists and outstanding young researchers from various interdisciplinary fields, including geobiology, biogeochemistry, astrobiology, paleomagnetism, and chemical biology. The focus of this specialized session will be on four major areas:
1. Chemical synthesis of prebiotic compounds, key elements and forms for early life on Earth, and the search for extraterrestrial biosignatures: We will delve into the forefront of scientific inquiries surrounding these crucial questions, exploring the fascinating chemistry involved in the origin of life and the potential existence of life beyond Earth.
2. Cell origins and evolutionary pathways, along with key environmental factors: This section will explore the origins of cellular life and its evolutionary trajectories. We will discuss the crucial environmental factors that have shaped the origin and diversification of early life forms.
3. Biodiversity in extreme environments and its biological adaptation mechanisms: The remarkable ability of organisms to thrive in extreme environments is a topic of great interest. We will discuss the biodiversity present in extreme habitats and unravel the fascinating mechanisms behind biological adaptation and survival under such conditions.
4. Interdisciplinary trends and new technologies in the era of Earth System Science: With the advent of Earth System science, there is an increasing need for interdisciplinary collaboration. This section will explore emerging research directions and cutting-edge technologies that bridge different scientific disciplines, opening up new frontiers in our understanding of the co-evolution of Earth and life.
Session 1.4 Origin and evolution of volatiles in celestial bodies
Conveners:
Hejiu Hui (Nanjing University, China)
Volatiles play a major role in planetary bodies, from formation of each celestial body to development of a habitable planet. The variations of volatiles could have recorded formation and evolution of these celestial bodies. The inventories of volatiles in the solar system remain to be fully explored. The goal of this session is to provide constrains on origin, abundance, distribution, and evolution of volatiles in planetary bodies that lead to the emergence of habitable worlds. We welcome contributions related to volatiles in planetary bodies from all fields of planetary science, including remote sensing, sample analyses, laboratory simulations, and numerical modeling.
Session 1.5 A multidisciplinary approach to understanding volatiles in the interior of Earth and other planets
Convener:
Li Zhang (Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, HPSTAR, China)
The distribution, storage, and circulation of volatiles in Earth are key to understanding the processes that control our planet’s habitability. Over the Earth’s history, Earth’s surface and vast interior have exchanged volatiles through mantle convection. Physics and chemistry of volatiles can be drastically altered by high pressure-temperature conditions corresponding to the interior of Earth. The processes are controlled by phase transition, partitioning, melting/freezing, oxidation/reduction dissolution/exsolution, and hydration/dehydration. This session aims to emphasize multidisciplinary studies of novel physics and chemistry of volatiles from high pressure and temperature experiments and simulations, reactions that govern how volatiles are cycled, and observations of volatiles on the surface resulted from a deep origin. Submissions are encouraged from multiple disciplines including experimental and simulation techniques, high-pressure physics and chemistry, mineral physics, petrology, and geochemistry, among others.
Theme 2: Deep Earth
Session 2.1: Major geological and biotic events, and the resultant Earth habitability
Conveners:
Shucheng Xie, (China University of Geoscience, Wuhan) Maoyan Zhu (Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol, Chinese Academy of Science)
This session invites scientists from all over the world who expert in paleontology, geobiology, geochemistry, stratigraphy, sedimentology, petrology, Earth surface system science, deep geosciences, astrobiology, life science and some other related interdisciplinary fields. We call for abstracts of multidisciplinary researches, including but not limited to, (1) the major biotic events and their causes, (2) effect of ecosystem crisis and its recovery, (3) elemental biogeochemical cycles and the associated paleoclimatic and paleo-oceanographic changes, (4) biotic roles on weathering, erosion, precipitation, diagenesis and metallogensis, and (5) the coevolution among deep Earth, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the biosphere.
Session 2.2: Chemical geodynamics and resource-environmental effects in subduction zones
Conveners:
Yixiang Chen, Xiaoying Gao (University of Science and Technology of China, China) Jilei Li (Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) Yuanyuan Xiao (Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China) Guibin Zhang (Peking University, China)
Subduction zone is the key link between the Earth's surficial sphere and the deep sphere, which plays an important role in the evolution of Earth's habitability. This topic welcomes contributions from scholars in petrology, geochemistry, geochronology, volcanology, ore deposit and other interdisciplinary fields, focusing on (but not limited to) the following important scientific issues: (1) Element mobility and material cycling in subduction zones; (2) Fluid properties and crust-mantle interaction in subduction zones; (3) Volcanic activity and environmental effects in subduction zones; (4) Mineralization in subduction zones; (5) Formation and evolution of continental crust.
Session 2.3: Subduction initiation and water-carbon cycle in West Pacific
Conveners:
Weiwei Ding (Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, China) Hongyan Li (Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, China)
The initiation of subduction and the following water-carbon cycle are keys to the formation and operation of plate tectonics, not only reshaping the continental margin structure and environment in profound ways, also changing the physical and chemical properties of interior mantle. As the most active region of geological structure and sea-land interaction in the world, the West Pacific is an ideal natural laboratory of initiation mechanism and their driving force. This session will focus on new observations and models that illuminate how subduction initiated and how complex subduction affects the water-carbon cycle between the surface and deep interior. Submissions are encouraged from a broad range of disciplines, including geology, geochemistry, seismology, geodesy, rock mechanics, and geodynamics, among others.
Session 2.4: How continental breakup contributes to extensive magmatism and global change?
Convener:
Chun-Feng Li (Zhejiang University)
A dominant portion of passive continental margins is associated with extensive syn-rifting magmatism that can fundamentally shape the margin morphology and environment. The causes of syn-rifting magmatism are highly debated and are in many cases attributed to mantle plumes sourced likely from the core-mantle boundary. However, complexities of plate tectonics, with a vast variety of continental extension parameters, such as extensional rate, inherited structure, and mantle composition and temperature, may equally explain these magmatic anomalies. This session would like to convene multidisciplinary scientists on tectonics, marine geophysics, petrology and geochemistry, and numerical modeling to discuss these topics and formulate new exploration ideas.
Session 2.5: Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis
Conveners:
Hongfeng Yang (The Chinese University of Hong Kong) Min Xu (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) Lingling Ye (Southern University of Science and Technology) Jieming Niu (Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) Chao An (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis, have produced significant loss of human life or destruction of the natural environment and public infrastructure. It is one of the critical components to maintaining a habitable Earth. This session will focus on new observations, dynamic simulations, and hazard warning systems for earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, and tsunamis that help understand their physical mechanisms and mitigation of the risk produced by those disasters. Submissions from various disciplines, including seismology, geodesy, rock mechanics, structural geology, dynamic modeling, and new observations, among other associated geological processes, are encouraged.
Session 2.6: Deep carbon cycle and habitable Earth
Conveners:
Guoliang Zhang (Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China) Renbiao Tao (Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research)
The Earth’s deep interior contain more than 90% of bulk carbon, and deep cycling of carbon may have consequences of global climate system and promoted the formation of habitable early Earth. Understanding deep carbon cycle process could help us figure out issues to maintain our habitable Earth. Many geological processes can drive deep carbon cycle between Earth’s surface and interior, i.e., plate subduction, mantle melting and magmatism, fluid processes and metasomatism. This session welcomes a variety of research and fields, including but not limited to observation of natural volcanic and metamorphic rocks (i.e., mineralogy, geochemistry), high-pressure-temperature experimental simulation, numerical modeling, to better understand the deep carbon cycle (i.e., carbon fluxes and reservoirs, carbon bearing phases and their origin, role of carbon in mantle processes, deep abiotic energy substance) on the Earth’s habitable surface.
Session 2.7: A multidisciplinary approach to understanding volatiles in the interior of Earth and other planets
Conveners:
Li Zhang (Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, HPSTAR, China) XXX (Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, China)
The distribution, storage, and circulation of volatiles in Earth are key to understanding the processes that control our planet’s habitability. Over the Earth’s history, Earth’s surface and vast interior have exchanged volatiles through mantle convection. Physics and chemistry of volatiles can be drastically altered by high pressure-temperature conditions corresponding to the interior of Earth. The processes are controlled by phase transition, partitioning, melting/freezing, oxidation/reduction dissolution/exsolution, and hydration/dehydration. This session aims to emphasize multidisciplinary studies of novel physics and chemistry of volatiles from high pressure and temperature experiments and simulations, reactions that govern how volatiles are cycled, and observations of volatiles on the surface resulted from a deep origin. Submissions are encouraged from multiple disciplines including experimental and simulation techniques, high-pressure physics and chemistry, mineral physics, petrology, and geochemistry, among others.
Session 2.8: Super-eruptions and evolution of Earth’s supergene systems
Conveners:
Yigang Xu (Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences) Zhengfu Guo (Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) Jiandong Xu (Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration)
Super-eruptions represent the ultimate catastrophic end of natural hazards on Earth and are considered the most colossal volcanic eruptions. They serve as a crucial link between the planet's interior and supergene systems, providing a vital window into its deep engines. Super-eruptions can significantly alter local topography and release quantities of deep volatiles within a short time interval, induce tremendous changes to local or global climate and pose severe threats to the global supergene systems (e.g., atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere) that sustain our human life. Therefore, super-eruptions play important roles in species’ past and pose a substantial future threat. However, the mechanism including magma generation, storage, and evacuation of super-volcanoes, as well as their potential climate effects remains controversial. This session aims to highlight the latest insights into the products and processes of super-eruptions, the nature and evolution of the shallow magma chambers that feed them, the monitoring of active super-volcano systems, and the influence to Earth’s supergene systems of historical and future super-eruptions.
Session 2.9: Tethyan metallogeny
Conveners:
Zhiming Yang (Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences) Robert Moritz (Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland)
As one of the three major global-scale metallogenic domains, the 12,000-km-long Tethys orogenic belt records the evolution of a giant and long-lived oceanic system between Gondwana to the south and Laurasia to the north. This belt has experienced a complex geologic history, i.e., opening, closure, and suturing of the Proto-, Paleo-, and Neo-Tethys ocean basins, and collision of the African, Arabian, and Indian continental plates with the Eurasian plate. As a result of the complex geotectonic settings, the Tethyan belt hosts a wealth of ore deposit types, including sedimentary rock-hosted Pb-Zn, porphyry Cu (-Mo-Au), epithermal, orogenic gold, granite-related Sn-W and Li, etc. This session will focus on new results and a synthesis of the spatio-temporal distribution of the main ore deposits, the genetic association of the main ore-forming events with the Tethyan evolution.
Theme 3: Oceans and Climate
Session 3.1 Deep and Abyssal Ocean Dynamics in the Indo-Pacific Ocean: Characterization, Variability, and Representation
Convener:
Fan Wang, Jianing Wang (Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)
Deep and abyssal ocean dynamics play an important role in the global ocean circulation system, the distribution of oxygen and nutrients, and long-term global climate variability. However, measurements in the deep layers are still sparse, and hence there are large gaps in our knowledge of deep and abyssal ocean dynamics, including circulations, internal waves, and turbulent mixing. Studies over a wide range of scopes are thus valuable to expanding our understanding. Such studies include, but are not limited to, (1) revealing the structure, characteristics, and variability of deep and abyssal ocean currents, internal waves, and turbulent mixing, (2) illustrating the influence and constraint of ocean bottom topography on the deep ocean dynamics, (3) studying on the deep western boundary current, rotating hydraulics, and dense overflows, (4) studying the underlying physics of deep ocean dynamics which facilitate our modeling of deep ocean as well as our interpretation of observational data, and (5) discussing the influence and response of deep ocean dynamics to the climate change. There is no clear boundary exist between these topics, instead more interaction between them is more than needed and will certainly be beneficial to all. This session welcomes abstracts on observational, theoretical, laboratory, and modeling studies of processes relevant to the deep and abyssal ocean dynamics in the Indo-Pacific Ocean.
Session 3.2: Deep-sea life and climate change
Convener:
Chaomin Sun (Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)
Climate change is affecting the sustainable output of the deep ocean, biodiversity and the availability of living resource. Specially, the potential loss of biodiversity in the deep ocean may reduce the diversity of species, genes and biomolecules. On the other hand, deep-sea life is reshaping the ocean’s geological structure and climate to some extent through various pathways. This session will focus on, but not is limited to, the following scientific questions: how does climate change affect life in the deep ocean and how does deep-sea life affect climate change in turn. Submissions are encouraged from a broad range of disciplines, including biology, geology, physical oceanography, in special, the intersection of the above disciplines.
Session 3.2: Earth Surface Processes from Weathering to Climate Change
Convener:
Gaojun Li (Nanjing University)
The Earth's surface is a dynamic interface where the solid Earth interacts with water, the atmosphere, and life. Studying the interconnectedness between geochemical processes and life throughout history and into the future requires an examination of various phenomena. We encourage abstract on key Earth surface processes such as weathering, erosion, hydrologic transport, their impact on biogeochemical cycling, and their link to climate regulation. Discussions on reconstructing paleoclimate and modern climate records are also welcomed. The session will cover observational, experimental, and modeling techniques, from deep geological history to contemporary processes, encompassing scales from nanometer to global, and focusing on the transformation of critical zone environments and the geochemical evolution of the Earth's surface.
Session 3.4 Metal isotopes in the marine system: proxies of source-sink processes and environmental changes
Conveners:
Tianyu Chen (Nanjing University, China) Weiqiang Li (Nanjing University, China) Feifei Zhang (Nanjing University, China)
This session aims to explore the diverse applications of metal isotopes as powerful tools for studying source-sink processes and understanding environmental changes in the marine system. Metal isotopes provide unique insights into the origins, transport, and transformation of metals in marine environments, offering a holistic view of biogeochemical cycling and its response to anthropogenic and natural perturbations. We welcome contributions from researchers working on experimental, observational, and modeling studies that employ metal isotopes in the marine system. Topics include but are not limited to metal isotopes as fingerprints of various sources, as tracers of sedimentation processes, and as indicators of nutrient cycling and paleoceanographic changes.
Session 3.5 Submarine cold seeps and deep-sea environments
Conveners：
Zhi-Lei Sun1,2, Min Luo2,3, Ji-Wei Li4, Dong Feng 2,3 Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Laoshan Laboratory Shanghai Ocean University Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Cold seeps, which are found in submarine environments, play a significant role in transporting materials and energy to the ocean. These seeps also support thriving chemotrophic autotroph communities and are associated with important natural gas hydrate resources. Moreover, they have a profoundly impact on the deep-sea environments. Given the importance of cold seeps, this union session aims to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge and new insights into the cold seep systems in recent years. The session will focus on the potential impact of cold seeps on deep-sea carbon cycle, extreme biological communities and global climate changes. We invite submissions related to various topics, including but not limited to: (i) the evolution of cold seep fluids; (ii) seep-related geological records; (iii) biogeochemical process and oceanic carbon cycle in cold seeps; (iv) associated natural gas hydrate accumulation.
Session 3.6 The oxidizing capacity of the Earth’s atmosphere and implications for air pollution, climate change and habitability
Conveners:
Lei Geng (University of Science and Technology of China, China) Chunxiang Ye (Peking University, China) Mang Lin (Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry of CAS, China)
The Earth’s atmosphere is an oxidizing medium, where concentrations of oxidants including O3, OH, RO2, NO3 and other radicals is often referred to as the oxidizing capacity, or the “self-cleaning ability” of the air. The oxidizing capacity determines the atmospheric lifetimes of greenhouse/toxic gases and the production of secondary aerosols, having implications for air pollution and climate change. The emergence of free oxygen billion years ago and the subsequent evolution of the Earth’s atmosphere from reducing to oxidizing is also important for the co-evolution of Earth’s habitability and complex life. This session will focus on observational, modeling and theoretical studies on important natural and anthropogenic cycles in atmospheric oxidants and their spatiotemporal variations in different atmospheric environments, the influence of atmospheric oxidizing capacity on air pollution and greenhouse gas budgets, the responses and feedbacks of atmospheric oxidizing capacity to climate change, as well as the presence and implications of oxidants billion years ago when oxygen was a trace gas in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Session 3.7 Using non-traditional stable isotopes to explore biogeochemical processes at multiple interfaces in modern marine systems
Conveners:
Ruifang C. Xie (School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University) Xiaole Sun (Center for Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, CAS) Jing Huang (Center for Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, CAS)
Exchange of elements and compounds at ocean interfaces, i.e., atmosphere-ocean and ocean-sediment, comprises a key aspect in the global carbon, nutrient and trace metal cycles. Traditionally, elemental concentrations and radioactive isotopes are used to study the biogeochemical processes and elemental fluxes at ocean interfaces. Conversely, non-traditional stable isotopes are powerful tools in fingerprinting processes modulating the oceanic mass balance, substance speciation, and biological activities. Recent advances in clean sampling and analytical methods on non-traditional stable isotopes make it possible to accurately and precisely measure these isotope systems to assess and quantify biogeochemical processes at ocean interfaces in the modern ocean. We encourage contributions from field and laboratory studies in developing and using non-traditional stable isotope method to improve our understanding of biogeochemical processes across multiple ocean interfaces, including but not limited to atmospheric deposition (natural vs. anthropogenic), elemental cycling at freshwater-saltwater mixing zones, exchange between seawater and sediments from continental shelves to open ocean, and interaction with hydrothermal plumes (acting either as sources or sinks).
Session 3.8 Hydrothermal Activity Along Mid-Ocean Ridges: Unveiling Earth's Subsurface Secrets
Convener:
Chunhui Tao (Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, China)
Hydrothermal activity along mid-ocean ridges is a captivating and rapidly evolving field of research, continuously yielding groundbreaking insights into Earth's geologic processes and the fundamental nature of life itself. This session will focus on showcasing the latest advancements in our understanding of hydrothermal systems and their profound significance for a sustainable future. We encourage contributions across a broad spectrum of topics, including, but not limited to: the geologic and tectonic controls governing the formation of mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems; elucidating fluid-rock interactions and deciphering the chemical composition of hydrothermal fluids; exploring the intricate microbial ecology and remarkable biodiversity thriving within hydrothermal vent ecosystems; unraveling the far-reaching implications of hydrothermal vents on global elemental cycling and biogeochemical processes; and highlighting the cutting-edge technological advancements driving the exploration and responsible exploitation of hydrothermal resources.
Session 3.9 Coral Reefs in a Changing Climate: Response and Record of Reef-Building Corals to Climate Change and Ocean Acidification
Convener:
Gangjian Wei (Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, China)
The health and survival of coral reefs, the underwater ecosystem often termed as the 'rainforests of the sea', is of vital importance in maintaining Earth's biodiversity, fishery productivity, and coastal protection. However, climate change and ocean acidification pose severe threats to these valuable ecosystems, particularly the resilience and adaptation of reef-building corals. In light of these issues, we propose a session exploring the responses of reef-building corals to these environmental changes and how their paleontological record can enlighten us about past environmental conditions and potential future trajectories.
This session aims to bring together scientists from geology, marine biology, oceanography, climate science, and related fields to present and discuss cutting-edge research on the impacts of climate change and ocean acidification on reef-building corals. This cross-disciplinary approach will help to establish a more holistic understanding of coral responses and survival under rapidly changing conditions.
Key topics to be addressed include:
Understanding Coral Reactions: Unraveling the physiological, genetic, and biogeochemical responses of reef-building corals to climate change and ocean acidification.
Paleoclimatic Insights: Using the fossil record and geochemical signatures of corals to reconstruct past climate events and oceanic conditions, thereby providing critical context for contemporary changes.
Adaptive Potential: Investigating the potential of reef-building corals to adapt to new environmental conditions, including research into the symbiotic relationships with zooxanthellae, and exploring whether these adaptations could help them withstand the changes predicted for the future.
Ecosystem Impact: Assessing the broader ecological consequences of coral response to climate change and ocean acidification on the biodiversity and function of coral reef ecosystems
Implications for Conservation and Management: Translating the scientific understanding into effective strategies for coral reef conservation, restoration, and management. This includes the development of sustainable practices to mitigate the effects of climate change and ocean acidification.
Through fostering interdisciplinary dialogue and collaboration, this session will contribute significantly to our understanding of the coral response to climate change and ocean acidification. It will inform effective conservation and management strategies to safeguard coral reefs, essential components of our planet's life-support systems.
We invite contributions from researchers across all relevant disciplines who are working to understand the complexities of coral responses to climate change and ocean acidification. Together, we can enhance our understanding and find innovative ways to protect these crucial ecosystems in our changing world.
Session 3.10: Marine carbon cycle and sustainable development
Convenors:
Professor Rui Bao (Ocean University of China) Associate Professor Qian Liu (Ocean University of China) Professor Shengkang Liang (Ocean University of China) Dr. Haoshuai Li (Ocean University of China) Contact person: Professor Rui Bao 在新的选项卡/窗口中打开
The marine carbon cycle plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate and exerting a profound influence on the health of marine ecosystems and the sustainable development of society. Understanding and harnessing the potential of this cycle is essential for achieving “carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality”, thereby ensuring a habitable Earth. This session will feature presentations and discussions on various aspects of the marine carbon cycle, including carbon sequestration mechanisms, carbon dynamics in coastal areas and open oceans, carbon storage in marine ecosystems, and the impact of human activities on CO2 fluxes. We encourage participants to present their research findings, case studies, and innovative approaches that address the complex interplay between the marine carbon cycle and sustainable development.
Topics of interest for this session include, but are not limited to carbon sequestration and storage in marine ecosystems, deep-sea radiocarbon biogeochemistry, microbial-driven marine carbon cycle, coastal wetlands and their contribution to carbon sinks, human activities and their impact on the marine carbon sink, innovative strategies for enhancing carbon sequestration, and modeling and prediction in marine eco-environments. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, we aim to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the marine carbon cycle and its significance for sustainable development, striving towards a more resilient and carbon-neutral future for our planet.
Theme 4: Method and Modeling
Session 4.1 The development and application of spectroscopic technology in deep sea, deep earth, and deep space exploration
Conveners:
Xin Zhang (Institute of Oceanography, CAS, China) Xiaolin Wang (Nanjing University) Zongcheng Ling (Shandong University)
The exploration and research in the fields of deep sea, deep earth, and deep space are of significant strategic importance and represent cutting-edge areas of international research. However, the harsh environments in these domains pose limitations on the application of conventional exploration and sampling methods. Spectroscopy, as an important technique for in situ detection, offers advantages such as high detection speed, strong resistance to interference, wide environmental adaptability, and simultaneous detection of multiple target substances. Therefore, it holds vast development prospects in the realms of deep sea, deep earth, and deep space exploration. This session aims to attract researchers utilizing spectroscopic techniques to investigate temperature, chemical composition, structure, and content information of target substances in the deep sea, deep earth, and deep space domains.
Session 4.2 Application of mercury and its stable isotopes in tracing the environmental evolution of the early Earth
Conveners:
Jiubin Chen (Tianjin University, China) Shuichang Zhang (Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, China) Wang Zheng (Tianjin University, China) Ruoyu Sun (Tianjin University, China) Feifei Zhang (Nanjing University, China)
In the past decade, mercury (Hg) and its stable isotopes in ancient marine sedimentary rocks have emerged as novel tools to reconstruct Earth’s paleoenvironment, opening a new frontier in Earth science. Hg and its stable isotopes in sedimentary rocks have been applied as proxies for large-scale volcanic activities, terrestrial soil erosion, and oceanic redox conditions, facilitating the evaluation of the roles of these processes in critical environmental and biotic crises, such as mass extinctions. Therefore, the investigation on Hg cycling in paleo-ocean could provide valuable insights into the evolution of Earth’s habitability. This session aims to highlight observational, experimental and modeling studies that shed light on the application of Hg and Hg isotopes as a paleoenvironmental proxy. Submissions that provide mechanistic insights to this application (e.g., Hg cycling in modern ocean, Hg isotope fractionation in marine and atmospheric processes, Hg speciation and isotope signatures in seawater and sediments, etc.) are also encouraged.